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| subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = | subdivision_type2 = County | subdivision_name2 = Ocean | government_footnotes = 〔 | government_type = Township | governing_body = Township Committee | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Albert D. Akerman (term ends December 31, 2015)〔(2015 New Jersey Mayors Directory ), New Jersey Department of Community Affairs, as of October 20, 2015. Accessed November 12, 2015.〕 | leader_title1 = Manager | leader_name1 = Thomas Henshaw〔(Municipal Manager ), Township of Lakewood. Accessed April 08, 2015.〕 | leader_title2 = Clerk | leader_name2 = Kathryn Cirulli〔(Township Clerk ), Township of Lakewood. Accessed April 08, 2015.〕 | established_title = Incorporated | established_date = March 23, 1892 | unit_pref = Imperial | area_footnotes = 〔(2010 Census Gazetteer Files: New Jersey County Subdivisions ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 21, 2015.〕 | area_magnitude = | area_total_sq_mi = 24.982 | area_land_sq_mi = 24.577 | area_water_sq_mi = 0.405 | area_total_km2 = 64.703 | area_land_km2 = 63.653 | area_water_km2 = 1.050 | area_water_percent = 1.62 | area_rank = 108th of 566 in state 12th of 33 in county〔 | population_as_of = 2010 Census | population_footnotes = 〔(DP-1 - Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 for Lakewood township, Ocean County, New Jersey ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed January 3, 2012.〕〔〔(Table DP-1. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2010 for Lakewood township ), New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed January 3, 2012.〕 | population_total = 92843 | population_rank = 7th of 566 in state 1st of 33 in county〔(GCT-PH1 Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - State -- County Subdivision from the 2010 Census Summary File 1 for New Jersey ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed August 5, 2013.〕 | population_density_sq_mi = 3777.7 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_density_rank = 165th of 566 in state 5th of 33 in county〔 |population_est = 95177 |pop_est_as_of = 2014 |pop_est_footnotes = 〔 | timezone = Eastern (EST) | utc_offset = -5 | timezone_DST = Eastern (EDT) | utc_offset_DST = -4 | elevation_footnotes = 〔, Geographic Names Information System. Accessed September 15, 2014.〕 | elevation_m = | elevation_ft = 49 | coordinates_type = region:US_type:city | coordinates_region = US-NJ | coordinates_display = inline,title | coordinates_footnotes = 〔〔(US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990 ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.〕 | latd = 40.077041 | longd = -74.200383 | postal_code_type = ZIP code | postal_code = 08701〔(Look Up a ZIP Code for Lakewood, NJ ), United States Postal Service. Accessed September 5, 2011.〕〔(Zip Codes ), State of New Jersey. Accessed September 14, 2013.〕 | area_code_type = Area code | area_code = 732〔(Area Code Lookup - NPA NXX for Lakewood, NJ ), Area-Codes.com. Accessed September 14, 2013.〕 | blank_name = FIPS code〔〔〔 | blank_info = | blank1_name = GNIS ID〔 | blank1_info = | website = | footnotes = }} Lakewood Township is a township in Ocean County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census the township had a total population of 92,843,〔〔〔 representing an increase of 32,491 (+53.8%) from the 60,352 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 15,304 (+34.0%) from the 45,048 counted in the 1990 Census.〔(Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010 ), New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, February 2011. Accessed August 20, 2012.〕 The township ranked as the seventh-most-populous municipality in the state in 2010 after having been ranked 22nd in 2000.〔(The Counties and Most Populous Cities and Townships in 2010 in New Jersey: 2000 and 2010 ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 3, 2011.〕 The sharp increase in population from 2000 to 2010 was led by increases in the township's Orthodox Jewish and Latino communities.〔Rundquist, Jeanette. ("Lakewood, N.J.'s fastest-growing town, is defined by its diversity" ), ''The Star-Ledger'', February 6, 2011. Accessed September 5, 2011. "The 54 percent population increase, according to residents and community leaders in Lakewood, was fueled by growth in the Jewish community, the Latino community and a third group, senior citizens. The town's African-American population, meanwhile, dropped slightly."〕 Lakewood is one of the hubs of Orthodox Judaism and is home to one of the largest yeshivas in the world, Beth Medrash Govoha, which was founded by Rabbi Aharon Kotler. The large Orthodox population, comprising more than half the township's population, wields considerable political clout in the Township.〔(U.S. gets another Orthodox mayor ), Chicago Jewish Community Online, July 11, 2006. Accessed April 13, 2007. "Orthodox Jews make up nearly half of the village's 70,000 residents, and they often vote as a bloc, with a council of leaders determining whom they should support."〕 ==History== The earliest documented European settlement of the present Lakewood area was by operators of sawmills, from about 1750 forward. One such sawmill, located at the east end of the present Lake Carasaljo, was known as Three Partners Mill from at least 1789 until at least 1814. From 1815 until 1818, in the same area, Jesse Richards had an iron-smelting operation known as Washington Furnace, using the local bog iron ore. The ironworks were revived in 1833 by Joseph W. Brick, who named the business Bergen Iron Works, which also became the name of the accompanying town. In 1865, the town was renamed Bricksburg in 1865, and in 1880 it was renamed Lakewood and became a fashionable winter resort. Lakewood's developers thought that "Bricksburg" didn't capture their vision for the community, and the names "Brightwood" and "Lakewood" were proposed. After reaching out to area residents, "Lakewood" was chosen and the United States Postal Service approved the name in March 1880.〔(History of Lakewood ), VillageProfile.com. Accessed September 2, 2015. "Because the name of the town did not suit the visions its promoters had for it, Samuel D. Davis suggested the name 'Brightwood'. Erastus Dickinson suggested 'Lakewood' and the times and Journal conducted a house-to-house canvass of the citizens, who voted for 'Lakewood' by a large majority. On March 20, 1880, the Post Office officially recognized the name of the village as 'Lakewood.'"〕 The name "Lakewood" was intended to focus on the location near lakes and pine forests.〔Hutchinson, Viola L. (''The Origin of New Jersey Place Names'' ), New Jersey Public Library Commission, May 1945. Accessed September 2, 2015.〕 Lakewood was incorporated as a township by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 23, 1892, from portions of Brick Township. Portions of Howell Township in Monmouth County were annexed to Lakewood Township in 1929.〔Snyder, John P. (''The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968'' ), Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 203. Accessed March 19, 2012.〕 Lakewood's three greatest hotels were the Laurel House (opened in 1880; closed in 1932), the Lakewood Hotel (opened January 1891, closed in 1925), and the Laurel-in-the-Pines (opened December 1891, burned down in 1967).〔Axel-Lute pp. 6–8, 11–12, 14, 26, 39, 42–43, 83–84, 95.〕 Lakewood's promoters claimed that its winter temperature was usually about ten degrees warmer than that of New York City and were warmer than points located further south,〔Staff. ("LAKEWOOD A WINTER HOME.; PURE AIR FOR WEAK LUNGS AMONG THE NEW-JERSEY PINES." ), ''The New York Times'', December 23, 1882. Accessed August 30, 2015. "We have here the purest of air, filtered through miles of pine forest; the purest of water, and the best possible soil for the purpose, with perfect drainage, and a climate always at least 10° warmer than that of New York and from 20° to 30° warmer than New-England."〕〔("HOLIDAYS AT LAKEWOOD; Balmy Christmas Weather a Boon to Outdoor Sports. SOCIAL EVENTS WERE ALSO ABUNDANT Hotels Liberally Decorated and Extra Efforts to Entertain Guests -- Recent Arrivals from New-York." ), ''The New York Times'', December 29, 1895. Accessed August 30, 2015. "These observations have proved that Lakewood possesses an average temperature warmer than that of many a place much further south, a point on which many persons previously had doubts."〕 but this claim is not substantiated by official records of the United States Weather Bureau. During the 1890s, Lakewood was a resort for the rich and famous, and ''The New York Times'' devoted a weekly column to the activities of Lakewood society.〔Axel-Lute pp.52–53.〕 Grover Cleveland spent the winters of 1891-92 and 1892-93 in a cottage near the Lakewood Hotel, commuting to his business in New York City.〔Axel-Lute p. 44.〕 George Jay Gould I acquired an estate at Lakewood in 1896, which is now Georgian Court University.〔Axel-Lute p. 49.〕 John D. Rockefeller bought a property in 1902 which later became Ocean County Park.〔Axel-Lute p. 65.〕 Lakewood's hotel business remained strong in the 1920s and 1950s, but went into severe decline in the 1960s.〔Axel-Lute pp. 84, 95.〕 In the 1960s, much of the woods and cranberry bogs in the township were replaced by large housing developments. Leisure Village, a condominium retirement development on the south side of Route 70, opened for sale in 1963.〔Axel-Lute pp. 96–97.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lakewood Township, New Jersey」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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